Prom—short for promenade—began in the late 19th century as a formal social event for wealthy American high school students. Inspired by debutante balls and college class dances, early proms were modest affairs held in school gymnasiums, featuring tea, light refreshments, and simple dress.

By the 1920s–1930s, prom became more widespread and formal, reflecting the era’s emphasis on etiquette and social status. Students dressed up, couples attended together, and the event marked a rite of passage into adulthood.

The post–World War II boom of the 1950s transformed prom into a major cultural milestone. With growing teen culture and prosperity, proms moved to hotels and banquet halls, gowns and tuxedos became elaborate, and traditions like prom kings and queens emerged.

During the 1960s–1970s, prom evolved alongside social change. Music styles shifted, rules relaxed, and schools gradually became more inclusive, reflecting broader civil rights progress.

By the 1980s–1990s, prom had become a pop-culture phenomenon—shaped by movies, television, and fashion trends—with limousines, professional photography, and themed decorations.

Today, prom continues to evolve, emphasizing personal expression and inclusivity, with gender-neutral attire, alternative venues, and a focus on celebration rather than strict tradition—while still marking one of the most memorable nights of high school life.